↑ Stephen J. Lee, Aspects of European History, 1789-1980, trang 83: "Nền Đệ nhị Đế chế đã bị Đệ tam Cộng hòa thế chỗ vào tháng 9 năm 1870" (nguyên văn: "The Second Empire was replaced by the Third Republic in September 1870").
1 2 Philippe Barbour, Dana Facaros, Michael Pauls, France, nguyên văn: "The fortified town of Bitche came under terrible siege in the Franco-Prussian War from 1870 to 1871 -those 200 days and more of desperate defence are considered to have been its finest hour".
↑ Frederick Augustus Porter Barnard, Arnold Guyot, A.J. Johnson & Co, Johnson's univeral cyclopædia: a scientific and popular treasury of useful knowledge, Tập 1, nguyên văn: "It was in the French department of Moselle until 1870, when possession was taken of it by the Germans at the general cession of the country; for, in spite of a long siege and bombardment, it was not surrendered."
↑ Stephen Shann, French Army 1870-71 Franco-Prussian War (2): Republican Troops, trang 42
1 2 3 Edmund Ollier, Cassell's history of the war between France and Germany, 1870-1871, các trang 198-199.
↑ Henry Smith Williams, The historians' history of the world: a comprehensive narrative of the rise and development of nations from the earliest times as recorded by over two thousand of the great writers of all ages, nguyên văn: "... only Bitsch remained in possession of the French until March 26th...".
